From the Vine — Fall Pre-Emergence

— Written By and last updated by Patricia Burch
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Many people bring samples by the office and want to know if it is a weed. That can sometimes be a tricky question and more often than not the answer is — it depends.

A weed is defined as a plant that is out of place. It can also be defined as a vigorous plant that overgrows and chokes out more desirable plant species. An example would be bermudagrass. Bermudagrass is a great choice for turf in a lawn in our area. However, bermudagrass in a vegetable garden or flower bed can be problematic and considered a weed because it is growing out of place.

There are thousands of plants that are considered weeds that grow in our home lawns, gardens, and flower beds. They can be classified annuals, which is a plant that completes it’s life cycle in one year; biennials which complete their life cycle in two years; or perennials which complete their life cycle in more than two years. Weeds can also be classified as grassy weeds, such as crabgrass or bahiagrass or broadleaf weeds, such as dandelion, chickweed, or virginia buttonweed. Weeds are also classified as winter weeds, which sprout and grow through the winter, or summer weeds, which sprout and grow from spring to summer.

How we manage weeds in the fall will determine the number of weeds in our landscape during the spring. A great way to manage those weeds is to make a pre-emergence herbicide application. The recommended dates for fall pre-emergence herbicide applications to prevent annual winter weeds is September in our area. Winter annual weeds begin to emerge from seed during this time. Some of the weeds include chickweed, annual bluegrass, wild garlic, Carolina geranium, henbit, clovers, and many more. These weeds sprout in the fall, grow slowly during winter, and jump in the spring. These weeds can shade out portions of your lawn and grow into large patches within a few years’ time.

Make the initial preemergence herbicide application during September, followed by a second application right after Thanksgiving to control any late germinating seeds. There are many products available for pre-emergence weed control. Look for products with active ingredients such as benefin, pendimethalin, dithiopyr, and prodiamine. Water in the pre-emergence application within 24 to 48 hours after application for best results.